Discussion on the Technology of Sulfur Black and Reactive Black in Cotton Fabrics

In the knitting industry, the most common colors are nothing but white and black. Nearly every order, regardless of whether it is a sales list or a ready-to-wear list, cannot be missed by these two colors. In the past, our factory had been dyeing black with conventional sulphur dyes. Although its water-washing equipment has a long process flow and large discharge of sewage, it has a low cost of dyeing and a deep color, so it is easily accepted by customers. With the development, the improvement of people's consumption level, customers demand more and more black-dyed material, especially cotton knitted underwear as demanding, apparently dyed black sulfur dyes can not fully meet the requirements of the times . In particular, fabrics dyed with sulphur dyes have poor rubbing fastness and a brittle fabric surface, and should not be placed for a long time, and thus often encounter returns and claims. To this end, our factory has changed the world where sulphur dyes rule black, and has not hesitated to raise the cost of dyeing. The process of dyeing black with reactive dyes has increased the grade of fabrics and met the needs of our customers.

2 process test
We first selected the most commonly used medium-temperature reactive dyes KN-B black, B-2BF red, and B-4RF yellow-yellow samples from our factory. After many adjustments, the color of the sample produced by the prescription was compared with that of the black cured black. , unable to meet the requirements. So use a group of medium-temperature dyes with deeper coloration: B-GRFN black, BR brown, B-4RF yellow sample. Through several small sample tests, small samples consistent with the black color of the vulcanizate were produced, and large samples were tested using this process.

2.2 Process seams → Pre-treatment → Dyeing → Washing → Soaping → Washing → Softening → Draining → Drying → Calendering (Fixing) → Finished products

2.3 Process prescription
Reactive Black B-GRFN 100% (%owf) 7.2
Reactive Brown B-R100100%(%owf)1.6
Reactive Yellow B-4RF100%(%owf)0.8
Salt (g/L) 60
Soda Ash (g/L) 30
Bath ratio 1:15
The fabric dyed with this process was consistent with the original fabric dyed with black vulcanizate and had a much better hand feel than the cured black.

Seen by the black reactive dye strength and color fastness of fabrics dyed cloth was superior to sulfur, and Reactive Black Sulfur Black handle is also much better than the product from the above test data. The color fastness of the large sample cloth meets or exceeds the national standard, and all other data and fabric quality meet the requirements of customers. Subsequently, we used the active black dyeing process in the production of several orders and achieved satisfactory results. Currently, active black dyed fabrics are increasingly favored by consumers at home and abroad, and we also adjust special black shades of active black to meet changing market needs according to customer's specific requirements.

However, the following points should be noted when using the active black dyeing process:

(1) Strengthen the pre-treatment process to ensure the fabric's capillary effect to facilitate dye absorption and dyeing.

(2) Due to the large amount of dye, the material must be sufficient to ensure the dyeing quality.

(3) The end of dyeing must be rinsed and then soaped. Soaping must ensure the time and temperature to ensure the stability of color fastness and hue.

3 Conclusion

3.1 Reactive Black Dyeing Process Although the cost of dyeing materials is higher than that of sulfur black, the amount of water used in the dyeing process is greatly reduced, the amount of sewage discharged is greatly reduced, water, electricity, steam and labor costs are saved to a great extent, and the activity is black. The dyeing process is simple in operation, stable in quality, and reproducible in process.

3.2 The dyeing fastness and strength of the reactive black dyed fabric is much better than that of the vulcanized black dyed fabric. The hand feel is also improved obviously. The internal quality and grade of the fabric are improved. It adapts to the requirement of black in today's era and almost eliminates the blackness of our factory. Claims and returns on the fabric.

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